Abstract

APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CANCER: A REVIEW

R. M. Barange*, N. A. Porwar, M. M. Bhagat and Dr. T. A. Deshmukh

ABSTRACT

Cancer is an disease which caused by an abnormal and uncontrolled, division of cells that produce tumors. The chemotherapy involve loss of organ and function radiation –induce complications and chemotherapy related second malignancies and drug resistance. In some cancer both radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains ineffective. In recent year nanotechnology shows potential promise in a management of cancer. Cancer nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary area of research in science, engineering and medicine with a broad application for molecular imagining molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy. Novel designed nanomaterials could carry payload of cytotoxic drugs or lethal toxins inside cancer cell and defy host immune defence and protect normal cells, thereby could result in cancer cure with least side effect. Nanotechnology offers the means to target chemotherapies directly and selectively to cancerous cells and neoplasm guide in surgical resection of tumors and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of radiation-based and other current treatment modalities. The nanotechnology offers to operate on more specific molecular target and to reduce adverse risk and side effect that is main approaches of patient. The application of nanotechnology to medicine enabled the development of nanoparticle therapeutic carrier. These drug carriers are passively target on tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention effect, so they are ideally suited for delivery of chemotherapeutics in cancer treatment. In nanotechnology method certain nanoparticle can be designed to absorb certain wave length of radiation and if they enter in cancerous cells, they will burn them.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Nanomaterials, Nanoparticle, Cytotoxic.