Abstract

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF BIO–CONJUGATE SILVER NANOPARTICLES WITH ANTIBIOTIC: ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT AGAINST MULTI –DRUG RESISTANCE BACTERIA

Richa Kothari* and Nagraj

ABSTRACT

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from naturally occurring biomaterials provides an alternative, eco-friendly and cost-effective means of obtaining nanoparticles. It is an important thrust area for all scientists and has gained importance because it prevents the environment from pollution. Multi-drug resistance is a growing problem in the treatment of infectious diseases and the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has produced antibiotic resistance for many human bacterial pathogens. Advancement in nanotechnology have opened new field in nano medicine, allowing the synthesis of nanoparticles and evaluation of their synergistic effect with pre-existing antibiotics that can be assembled into complex structure. Novel studies and technologies are developed to understanding the mechanisms of disease for the design of new rugs, but unfortunately infectious diseases continue to be a major health problem worldwide. Since ancient times, silver was known for its anti-bacterial effects and for centuries it has been used for prevention and control of disparate infectons. Now-a-days vancomycin resistance in gram-positive cocci is a growing global health problem. In the early 1950s, vancomycin was used as the primary antibacterial agent for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Progress in the development of new drugs to use vancomycin has been improved by using nanomedicines. Silver nanoparticles are attracting much interest because of their potent antibacterial activity. Many studies have also shown an important activity of silver nanoparticles against bacterial infections. This paper explain the new ideas to overcome current challenges and solutions in the treatment of infectious diseases, particularly the use of nano silver particles as antimicrobials. The main objective of this work is to prepare silver nanoparticles from lichen, then prepare nano conjugates with vancomycin antibiotic and explore their anti bacterial properties. In the present study, we report a simple method of synthesis of bioconjugates of silver nanoparticles from ethanolic extract of lichen and their characterization by ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, PL, XRD and TEM) analyses. Nano particles thus obtained were tested for antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria.

Keywords: Biosynthesis. Lichen, Silver nanoparticles, Bioconjugates, Antimicrobial activity, XRD, TEM, MDRB.