Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT STUDY OF SIX PLANTS USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

Benjamin Ouédraogo, Jules Yoda*, Félix B. Kini, Moumouni Koala, Aboubacar Yaro and Yvonne Bonzi-Coulibaly

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work is the enhancement of Parkia biglobosa, Acacia nilotica, Cleome gynandra, Agelanthus dodoneifolius, Lannea microcarpa and Anogeissus leiocarpus, six (6) medicinal plants used in the treatment of hypertension. This study focused on phytochemical screening and determination of antiradical activity (ARA) by thin layer chromatography (TLC) of hexanic, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts obtained by solid-liquid depletion of plant powders. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several families of secondary metabolites. The hexanic and dichloromethane extracts are rich in sterols and terpenes while the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts are rich in polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids and tannins. Selective extracts showed an antiradical activity with respect to 2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyle (DPPH). Comparison of the results of the phytochemical and anti oxidant activity screening revealed the type of corresponding chemical compound for each revealed antiradical zone.

Keywords: Hypertension, antioxidant activity, phenolic compound, flavonoids.