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Abstract

ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE OIL OF THE FRUITS OF ELETTARIA CARDAMOMUM (L.) MATON AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

Shahnaz S. Husain, Mohammed Ali*

ABSTRACT

Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton (Zingiberaceae), is a tall, perennial, reed–like herb growing wild in rainforests of South India, Sri Lanka and other tropical countries. Cardamom fruit is used against cardiac disorders, renal and vesicular calculi, dyspepsia, debility, anorexia, asthma, bronchitis, halitosis and gastrointestinal disorders. Its fruit volatile oil was characterized by a large number monoterpenes (97.5%). Among twenty three volatile constituents, there were seven monoterpene hydrocarbons (9.0%), three monoterpene esters (1.3%) and seven monoterpene alcohols (86.7%). The predominant monoterpene was 1,8–cineole (85.2%) following by cis-ocimene (3.7%) and α-terpinene (2.2%). Only three sesquiterpenes (04%), α- guaiene, caryophyllene oxide and nerolidol, were present in the volatile oil. Sixteen monoterpenes occurred in trace amounts. Except formic acid (2.1%), no other aliphatic or aromatic constituent was detected in the volatile oil. The volatile oil showed significant antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains.

Keywords: Elettaria cardamomum, fruits, volatile oil, GC-MS analysis, antimicrobial activity.


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