Abstract

SGLT2 INHIBITORS: A NEW CLASS OF DIABETES MEDICATIONS

*Dr. Raj Kumar

ABSTRACT

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of diabetic medications indicated only for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They have been studied alone and with other medications including metformin, sulfonylureas, pioglitazone and insulin. Action SGLT2 is a protein in humans that facilitates glucose reabsorption in the kidney. SGLT2 is a low-affinity, high capacity glucose transporter located in the proximal tubule in the kidneys. It is responsible for 90% of glucose reabsorption. Inhibition of SGLT2 leads to the decrease in blood glucose due to the increase in renal glucose excretion. The mechanism of action of this new class of drugs also offers further glucose control by allowing increased insulin sensitivity and uptake of glucose in the muscle cells, decreased gluconeogenesis and improved first phase insulin release from the beta cells.

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