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Abstract

ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP: AN INNOVATIVE IN-VITRO TOOL FOR DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT

Jyoti M. Benni* and P. A. Patil

ABSTRACT

Drug development is a highly complex, tedious, competitive, costly and commercial risky process, associated with high failure rates. More than 30 percent of promising medications have failed in human clinical trials because they are determined to be toxic despite promising preclinical studies in animal models, as animal biology is not an ideal substitute for human biology. Therefore presently, Organ-on-a-chip is an alternative approach to traditional in vitro cell culture and animal models, which offers a more ideal model for efficacy and toxicity testing. Organ-on-chip is an innovative tool in the field of drug discovery, which helps in bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical testing, and revolutionize drug testing and development. Eventually, Human Organs-On-Chips lined by patient-derived stem cells could potentially provide a way to develop personalized therapies in the future. This study presents an overview of the development of several human organ chips and their applications.

Keywords: Organ-on-chip, microphysiological systems, drug discovery, in-vitro, efficacy, toxicity.


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