PHARMACOGNOSTIC, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL SCREENING STUDIES OF FICUS BENGALENSIS LINN
Gurdeep Kaur*, Rajinder Kaur, Jasreen Kaur, Mandeep Kaur, Amit Kapoor, Arvinder Kaur
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to study the pharmacognostic characters of F. bengalensis and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. The pharmacognostic studies revealed the morphological characters of leaves The physiochemical parameters like ash values, loss on drying and fluorescence analysis were also determined. The soxhlet extraction of powdered leaves was carried out for preparation of various extracts with the solvents in increasing order of polarity viz pet ether, chloroform, methanol and water. The phytochemical screening of extracts was carried out and it reveald the presence of saponins, flavonoids, carbohydrate, phenolic compound and tannins in methanol and aqueous extracts, phytosterol compounds in chloroform extract. The antimicrobial activity of pet ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts was evaluated by cup-plate method. All the extracts were evaluated in concentration range from 25 mg/ml to 100 mg/ml. The order of bacterial strains inhibition of methanol extract after 48 hrs was as B. subtilis>E. coli> P. aeruginosa. The most active fraction tested positively for the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The methanol extract of leaves of F. bengalensis has more potent antibacterial activity than chloroform extract.
Keywords: Ficus bengalensis, Anti Bacterial Activity, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Extracts, Secondary Metabolites, Fractions.
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