MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: AN INSIGHT INTO EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS (EAE)
Chhaya Bakshi* and Sharad Wakode
ABSTRACT
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is demyelinating disease of CNS that results in motor, sensory and cognitive impairment. MS is driven by myelin-specific auto reactive T cells that infiltrate the CNS and mediate an inflammatory response that results in demyelination and axonal degradation. It eventually leads to the patches of nerve scarring, known as ‘sclerosis,’ which gave this its name, multiple sclerosis. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is currently the most commonly used and well characterized animal model with clinical and pathological characteristics highly relevant to MS. The majority of current therapies for MS have been first examined and validated in EAE animal models. US food and drug administration (USFDA) has approved many therapies such as interferon-β, glatiramer acetate (GA), natalizumab and mitoxantrone for the treatment of various forms of MS like PRMS, RRMS and SPMS. Despite the tremendous advances in medicine, introduction of immunomodulators and anti-inflammatory agents, the MS is one of the
most difficult conditions to treat permanently and successfully.
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis; EAE; demyelination; autoimmune.
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