Abstract

THE IMPACT OF HEALTH TRAINING PROGRAM BASED ON HEALTH BELIEF MODEL ON PREVENTING FROM SELF-MEDICATION IN SHAHREKORD CITY WOMEN IN FERTILITY AGES (2015-2016)

Nemat Abbasi, *Masoud Lotfizadeh and Abbas Yazdanpanah

ABSTRACT

Background: Since one of the most important and formative roles in the society is women, supplying health and also its preservation is one of duties of the society health leaders and regarding this fact that self-medication is today increasing and this could endanger health of this vulnerable group, therefore, increasing women knowledge and awareness could reduce the rate of possible risks. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of health training programs based on health believe model on preventing from self-medication in Shahrekord city 10 to 49 years old women. Materials and methods: Type of study is semi-experimental (semi-interventional) which has been performed on 10 to 49 years old women referring to Shahrekord city's health and treatment centers. Sampling was performed with cluster method in various regions of Shahrekord city and from the whole samples, two groups including 100 persons were selected as case and 100 persons as control. Data collecting method is a questionnaire including sections of women demographic information and questions of awareness and perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived profits and perceived obstacles which is related to health belief model and has been prepared as a 5-degree scale (very high, high, moderate, low, very low). Reliability of the used questionnaire had been assessed by content reliability method, in this way that the questionnaire was prepared based on bases of health belief model and regarding valid books and resources and after that they were examined by experienced professors and were confirmed after obviating its reliability ambiguity. Yet, regarding the cultural feature role in such studies, we decided to calculate the questionnaire Cronbach alpha on 30 mothers with close demographic features that its rate was obtained 81% in the section of awareness questions, 0.78 in questions of health belief model pillars and 0.79 for performance tables. Findings: The study findings have shown that in the field of job and education of samples, job and education of spouse and also insurance status and the number of children before and after training, no significant relation was found about self-medication (p>0.05). The same status has been also correct for control group. The study findings indicate that inappropriate economic conditions have had a significant relation with the possibility of self-medication (p<0.05). In the field of using guides of internal act in both groups before and after training, the greatest role correlates with fear of suffering from complications due to self-medication. Relating to self-medication for current illnesses and using common medicines, the obtained results indicate that intervention group performance after training about self-medication has been highly reduced. In control group, relative reduction is seen in many cases, but the positive impact of classic training on performance of intervention group comparing control group who used common and public trainings, is clearly seen. Conclusion: The study results indicated the positive impact of training on people, so we conclude that training based on theory like health belief model has a considerable impact on change of awareness, attitude and behavior in the fields of perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived benefits and perceived obstacles. Therefore, by performing this study, the efficiency and effectiveness of health belief model on reduction of self-medication in women in fertility ages referring to Shahrekord city healthcare centers was confirmed comparing current and traditional training methods in control group centers.

Keywords: health belief model, self-medication, medicine, fertility ages women, Shahrekord city.