Abstract

STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT BACTERIA AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF CONTAMINATION IN BOTTLED WATER

Akshatha G., T. Brahmaiah*, Sujan Janardhana, Radhika K.M. and Sushmitha B.

ABSTRACT

Growing global demand for clean water and increasing environmental concerns make membrane bioreactor technology of choice for industries seeking to reuse their wastewater and reduce their water footprint. Membrane bioreactors have the ability to produce a similar quality effluent to aerobic treatment, while generating useful energy and production substantially less residuals. The last decade, many studies have been conducted in which various types of anaerobic reactors were used in combination with membranes. This paper critically evaluates the potential of anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology for wastewater treatment with a focus on different types of anaerobic reactors that membranes are coupled. In addition, the specific topics include membrane fouling, the lower limits of hydraulic retention time and temperature allowing for adequate treatment, complications with methane recovery, and nutrient removal options. Based on the current literature, future research efforts should focus on increasing the likelihood of net energy recovery through advancements in fouling control and development of efficient methods for dissolved methane recovery.This paper reviewed the application of membrane bioreactor in treating high strength wastewater by analysing operational parameters, limitations and mitigations of MBR wastewater.

Keywords: faceal coliform bacteria, Multiple Tube Technique, Heterotrophic Plate Count Bottled water, Bacteria.