Abstract

BREAST CANCER IN POSTMENOPAUSAL OBESE WOMEN

Niraj Khatri Sapkota* and Kailash Chandra Swain

ABSTRACT

Body mass index, as an approximation of body adiposity, is associated with increased risk of several common malignancies in a sex- and site-specific manner .Excess body weight (overweight and obesity) is characterized by chronic hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, and is implicated both in cancer risk and cancer mortality, increased risk of development in an "obesogenic" state includes common adult cancers such as endometrium, cervix, ovary. biliary duct, gall bladder, postmenopausal breast in females & colorectal most commonly in males. The pathophysiological and biological mechanisms underpinning these associations are not well understood. No doubt, although, Insulin resistance is at the root of many, but there are several other candidatesystems including insulin-like growth factors, sex steroids, adipokines,obesityrelated inflammatory markers, the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kappa B) system and oxidative stresses also involved in this process. With such vast diversity of obesity-related cancers, it is unlikely that there is a "one system fits to all mechanisms‖. Therefore, this review aims to envision the breast cancer in postmenopausal obese women and its management & pharmacotherapy as a whole as far as possible.

Keywords: chronic hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance.