Abstract

ACUTE AND DELAYED TOXICITY STUDIES OF CASSYTHA FILIFORMIS DEFATTED ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

N. Armenia, Hercegovina, Dian Gustinanda, Annisa Nur Salasa, Yori Yuliandra and Friardi

ABSTRACT

Defatted ethanolic extract of Cassytha filiformis exhibits a potential
antihypertensive activity based on our previous study. The objective of
this study is to evaluate the acute and delayed toxicities of the extract.
Determination of LD50 and delayed toxicity were conducted on 90
mice (divided into 6 groups of 15 mice each) at doses of 25, 50, 100,
200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. Data was analyzed by Probit analysis to
determine LD50, while Two Way ANOVA was used to analyze the
change of animal body weight, food and water intakes. Results showed
that the 1, 2, 3, 24 and 48 hours LD50 of this extract were 0; 875.83;
313. 63; 52.28 and 2.17 mg/kg, respectively. Animal body weight,
food and water intakes were affected by the dose of the extract and the time of measurement
and interaction of those variables significantly (p<0.05). In this situation, food and water
intake decreased up to fifteen days after the single dose of this extract, especially at high dose
(400 mg). These led to reducing animal body weight. There was no significant change
(p>0.1) in the heart, liver and kidney weight ratios at the end of this study (14 days after
single dose of extract). These indicate that the defatted ethanolic extract of C. filiformis is
toxic and produces delayed toxicity.

Keywords: .Ethanolic extract, cassytha filiformis, toxicity, acute, delayed.