NEWLY DEVELOPED APPLICATION OF NIR DYES IN CANCER TARGETING AND IMAGING: A REVIEW
Upadesh B. Lade*, Pravin K. Bhoyar, Mangesh H. Hingankar
ABSTRACT
The development of multifunctional agents that could be used for
simultaneous tumor targeting, imaging and treatment is a major goal in
cancer research and is expected to contribute significantly tithe
realization of personalized oncology. Recently, significant progress has
been made on the development of unique NIR dyes with tumor
targeting properties. Fluorescence imaging uses a sensitive camera to
detect fluorescence emission from fluorophores in whole-body living
small animals. Cancer NIR molecular imaging relies greatly on the
development of stable, highly specific and sensitive molecular probes.
Organic dyes have shown promising clinical implications as nontargeting
agents for optical imaging in which indocyanine green has long been implemented
in clinical use. Recently, significant progress has been made on the development of unique
NIR dyes with tumor targeting properties. Very recently, natively multifunctional NIR dyes
that can preferentially accumulate in tumor cells without the need of chemical conjugation to
tumor targeting ligands have been developed and these dyes have shown unique optical and
pharmaceutical properties for biomedical imaging with superior signal-to-background
contrast index. The main focus of this article is to provide a concise overview of newly
developed NIR dyes and their potential applications in cancer targeting and imaging. The
development of future multifunctional agents by combining targeting, imaging and even
therapeutic routes will also be discussed. We believe these newly developed multifunctional
NIR dyes will broaden current concept of tumor targeted imaging and hold promise to make
an important contribution to the diagnosis and therapeutics for the treatment of cancer.
Keywords: NIR dyes, oncology, diagnosis.
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